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The Goal: 40th Anniversary Edition: A Process of Ongoing Improvement Paperback – June 1, 2012

4.6 out of 5 stars 7,866 ratings

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Written in a fast-paced thriller style, 'The Goal' contains a serious message for all managers in industry and explains the ideas which underline the Theory of Constraints developed by the author.
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Editorial Reviews

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"A survey of the reading habits of managers found that though they buy books by the likes of Tom Peters for display purposes, the one management book they have actually read from cover to cover is The Goal." -- The Economist "Anybody who considers himself a manager should rush out, buy and devour this book immediately. If you are the only one in your place to have read it, your progress along the path to the top may suddenly accelerate...one of the most outstanding business books I have ever encountered." --Punch Magazine "Like Mrs. Fields and her cookies, The Goal was too tasty to remain obscure. Companies began buying big batches and management schools included it in their curriculums." --Fortune Magazine "This theory provided a persuasive solution for factories struggling with production delays and low revenues." --Harvard Business Review

About the Author

Eliyahu M. Goldratt was an educator, author, physicist, philosopher and business leader, but first and foremost, he was a thinker who provoked others to think. Characterized as unconventional, stimulating, and "a slayer of sacred cows," he urged his audience to examine and reassess their business practices with a fresh, new vision. Dr. Goldratt is best known as the father of the Theory of Constraints (TOC), a process of ongoing improvement that continuously identifies and leverages a system’s constraints in order to achieve its goals. He introduced TOC’s underlying concepts in his business novel, The Goal: A Process of Ongoing Improvement, which has been recognized as one of the best-selling business books of all time. First published in 1984, The Goal has been updated three times and sold more than 7 million copies worldwide. It has been translated into 32 languages. Heralded as a "guru to industry" by Fortune magazine and “a genius” by Business Week, Dr. Goldratt continued to advance the TOC body of knowledge throughout his life, building on the Five Focusing Steps (known as the process of ongoing improvement or POOGI) with TOC-derived tools such as Drum-Buffer-Rope, Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) and the Thinking Processes. He authored ten other TOC-related books, including four business novels. Born in Israel on March 31, 1947, Dr. Goldratt earned a Bachelor of Science degree from Tel Aviv University, and a Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy from Bar-Ilan University. He is the founder of TOC for Education, a nonprofit organization dedicated to bringing TOC Thinking and TOC tools to teachers and their students, and Goldratt Consulting. In addition to his pioneering work in business management and education, Dr. Goldratt holds patents in a number of areas ranging from medical devices to drip irrigation to temperature sensors. He died on June 11, 2011, at the age of 64.

Product details

  • ASIN ‏ : ‎ 0884271951
  • Publisher ‏ : ‎ North River Press; 3rd ed. edition (June 1, 2012)
  • Language ‏ : ‎ English
  • Paperback ‏ : ‎ 408 pages
  • ISBN-10 ‏ : ‎ 9780884271956
  • ISBN-13 ‏ : ‎ 978-0884271956
  • Item Weight ‏ : ‎ 1.56 pounds
  • Dimensions ‏ : ‎ 8.9 x 6 x 1.1 inches
  • Customer Reviews:
    4.6 out of 5 stars 7,866 ratings

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Customer reviews

4.6 out of 5 stars
7,866 global ratings

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Customers say

Customers find the book engaging and well-written, with a novel format that makes it easy to follow. Moreover, they appreciate how it helps understand business operations and process improvement, with one customer noting it's a staple for Operations Management courses. However, the pacing receives mixed reactions, with several customers describing it as not exciting. Additionally, while some consider it a great review of a timeless classic, others find the content very dated.

AI-generated from the text of customer reviews

618 customers mention "Readability"609 positive9 negative

Customers find the book engaging and well-written, particularly appreciating its novel format that keeps readers interested.

"...The Goal by Goldratt is a magnificent piece of literature where industrial engineering student can see how the different techniques learned in class..." Read more

"...definitely recommend Goldratt’s book for anyone who enjoys both a good story and the idea of ongoing improvement." Read more

"...In short, I think the novel does a fantastic job of introducing the down-sides of "Taylorist" management approaches, even in manufacturing,..." Read more

"Amazing and perspective altering. A must-read for any business leader or manager. Great story and very engaging as well. Highly recommend." Read more

333 customers mention "Insight"330 positive3 negative

Customers praise the book's ability to pull together major concepts and introduce readers to Theory of Constraints, with one customer noting it's a refreshing approach to tackling such a huge topic.

"...However, this book turned to be a marvelous composition. The reader is always interested in the topic, and one can feel like being part of the plot...." Read more

"...effect on manufacturing, Goldratt has really created an outstanding book to explain the idea of the theory constraints...." Read more

"...in the form of a novel with a clear narrative path, it presents the basic ideas and some of their most important implications in an easily-digested..." Read more

"Amazing and perspective altering. A must-read for any business leader or manager. Great story and very engaging as well. Highly recommend." Read more

307 customers mention "Information quality"307 positive0 negative

Customers find the book provides valuable insights into business operations and process improvement, helping them think through operational efficiencies. One customer notes it is a staple for Operations Management courses.

"...the time reading this book; thanks to this book, I feel better prepared as an engineer." Read more

"...’s book for anyone who enjoys both a good story and the idea of ongoing improvement." Read more

"Amazing and perspective altering. A must-read for any business leader or manager. Great story and very engaging as well. Highly recommend." Read more

"...In my opinion, the book is very helpful; it contains a lot of great knowledge. It shows the important elements in managements such as 1...." Read more

98 customers mention "Ease of understanding"92 positive6 negative

Customers find the book easy to understand, with clear and uncomplicated principles and relatable examples that make it simple to digest.

"...Overall, The Goal is a magnificent work that I highly recommend to any individual to read in order to understand more about the..." Read more

"...This book tells a story, which is really easy to understand...." Read more

"...chapter of the book, more or less, the concept of bottlenecks was beautifully simplified to be able to be applied by almost anyone—technical degree..." Read more

"I liked that it's framed as a story, with a clear uncomplicated but believable plot...." Read more

39 customers mention "Dated content"24 positive15 negative

Customers have mixed opinions about the book's content, with some appreciating it as a timeless classic while others find it very dated.

"Very engaging book that melds plant operations/activity scheduling into a fable that had lessons for project management and successful operation of..." Read more

"...the inclusion is still a strength - it is just that the content has not aged all that well...." Read more

"...Despite all of this, this book is a classic for good reason. I definitely recommend it to anyone." Read more

"...for experienced operations personnel to use to gain insight into complex scheduling processes and could help with getting buy-in for managing change..." Read more

48 customers mention "Pacing"14 positive34 negative

Customers find the pacing of the book unsatisfactory, describing it as dull and not worth the time, with one customer noting it's a clumsy story about a boring workaholic.

"...As a reader of fiction, it is horrible. You don't know why these characters are in love in the first place and their reconciliation is unbelievable...." Read more

"...It’s boring and long but came in on time whenever I needed it." Read more

"Funny, real, relevant, and useful for middle and upper management...." Read more

"...The story is a little contrived, but much more interesting than sitting through a lecture and/or mathematical proof...." Read more

The Goal is Masterful, Meaningful, Mandatory. WebNutrients Production Process Fixed!
5 out of 5 stars
The Goal is Masterful, Meaningful, Mandatory. WebNutrients Production Process Fixed!
Goldratt is a masterful storyteller. More valuable: His stories will guide you to much greater effectiveness AND efficiency in your production processes. Actually, anything that requires moving Piece-A to Area-B, and understanding why Constraints are both a problem and a solution. One of the great takaways for me was: People are not made to work at 100% all day. I didn't expect a lesson in the limits of human capacity. But Eli crafts such an incredible story (not unlike something Einstein or Feynman might share in a presentation or dream sequence). Introduced to this work in the late 80's, as I was trying to find a way out of 80+ hour workweeks, The Goal became my guide to manufacturing process efficiencies. In an earlier decade, my Dad performed Time and Motion studies (as described by Gilbreth and Taylor) for Alcoa Aluminum. He would love this piece. If T&M Studies provided efficiencies in manufacturing. The Theory of Constraints provided a roadmap to humanizing the workplace even further. While increasing throughput like nothing else before it. We use it as a guide in our own manufacturing processes for WebNutrients Custom Blended Supplements. By applying these approaches Goldratt outlines, we've improved production nearly 800%. I encourage you to use the book (and the one following: It's Not Luck, also by Goldratt) as guides to your own very human performance improvements. You can thank me later. To your great success!
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Top reviews from the United States

  • Reviewed in the United States on May 21, 2014
    When I was first assigned to read this book, I thought it was going to be a purely theoretical material. I thought it was going to be a book difficult to read and/or keep me interested to continue reading. However, this book turned to be a marvelous composition. The reader is always interested in the topic, and one can feel like being part of the plot. This book is a perfect combination of a narrative, and an explanation. The author dedicated the time and effort to make sure that anyone, who grabs this book and reads it, will be able to clearly understand the material presented. As an industrial engineering student, we are focused on improving an existent process and/or system in a facility. Moreover, we are provided with a broad set of techniques that can be utilized in accomplishing this purpose. The Goal by Goldratt is a magnificent piece of literature where industrial engineering student can see how the different techniques learned in class are applied into a real world problem.
    In The Goal, Goldratt also provides the reader with a description and an example of how to apply the Theory of Constraints. Alex Rogo, a plant engineer at UniCo Manufacturing, is presented with a complex problem; he has several months of orders overdue and his plant is not capable of delivering any order in time. Therefore, Bill Peach, Alex’s boss, tells him that he has only three months to turn his plant around. As a result, Alex and his team start working in finding a solution; however, they are not capable to find it without the help of Jonah, Alex’s Physics professor. Nonetheless, it is important to mention that Jonah does not provide Alex with immediate solutions; instead, he uses the Socratic Method to teach Alex how to be able to localize the bottlenecks and non-bottlenecks of his process and to determine the goal of his plant. Therefore, after spending several days thinking about what the goal is, he is finally able to define it as “Reducing operational expenses and inventory while increasing throughput” (Goldratt 87). Jonah also teaches Alex that in every company there is dependent events and statistical fluctuations that affect the process. According to the Theory of Constraints, one must identify the bottleneck and then work around it; in other words, one must take into account the bottleneck in order to increase throughput and ultimately reach the goal. Jonah, however, after providing Alex with enough help, he takes a step back on his role and forces Alex to learn how to be able to identify the bottlenecks on his own and what approach or process to use to fix the bottlenecks. At the end, Alex finally understands that it is of utmost importance for any individual to be able to answer three questions: “‘what to change?’, ‘what to change to?’, and ‘how to cause a change?’” (Goldratt 337).
    Overall, The Goal is a magnificent work that I highly recommend to any individual to read in order to understand more about the Theory of Constraints and how to become a better manager. I deeply believe that any individual who reads this book will be greatly benefited from the material presented; in my personal experience, I am pleased that I was able to read this book since I was given the opportunity to add a new technique to my engineering toolbox. I encourage any reader that is uncertain whether or not to buy this book to purchase it. I believe that it is definitely worth the time reading this book; thanks to this book, I feel better prepared as an engineer.
    11 people found this helpful
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  • Reviewed in the United States on May 21, 2014
    When I first picked up this book, I don’t know what I was expecting. Needless to say this book has both surpassed my expectations and is definitely something I would recommend to someone else. The story starts off following the day of Alex Rogo, a plant manager for UniCo manufacturing plant. As the division for his company starts to go under, he is tasked with a seemingly impossible task: improve the company’s profit within three months or the plant will be shut down. Assisted by an old teacher, Jonah, Alex learns how to analyze the true problems of the plant and implement them with the help of his co-workers, Ralph, Bob, and Stacey.
    Written in mind for anyone interested in Industrial Engineering and its effect on manufacturing, Goldratt has really created an outstanding book to explain the idea of the theory constraints. Through the use of first person and the setting of a real-life situation, we are able to both relate to the idea and see the practicality of its use in an actual plant, such as the idea of bottlenecks and its effect on inventory and operational expense. The breakdown of the idea is explained through the excellent dialogue between the characters and shows how although the “the goal” can be identified, improvements are not easy to find and implementation can be just as difficult, if not harder. This implementation is represented by the struggles Alex faces with upper management, marketing, and sales. Goldratt’s choice to explain the material in the form of a fiction novel makes this incredibly understandable and makes its extremely easy to go through the process of thinking about the theory of constraints.
    Reading this book has seriously made me consider the ramifications of constraint and how it effects “goal” when it comes to a process. When it comes down to it, whatever we do and whatever we choose to improve must, in the end, aid us in reaching our “goal.” Until we learn to identify what we want, we cannot improve or change the way things are done. I would definitely recommend Goldratt’s book for anyone who enjoys both a good story and the idea of ongoing improvement.
    One person found this helpful
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Top reviews from other countries

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  • Andrea, Jole, Giugiu e Lilli
    5.0 out of 5 stars Capolavoro. Lettura obbligata per chi lavora nella produzione
    Reviewed in Italy on September 28, 2018
    The media could not be loaded.
    Devo ammettere che quando ho acquistato "The Goal" ero abbastanza scettico verso il genere business novel. Le consideravo come l'esposizione di una teoria (magari anche valida) presentata dietro una storia non all'altezza, e anzi creata in maniera forzata per rendere la teoria più facile da comprendere.
    Questo libro ha distrutto questa convinzione: non tratta i concetti come un asettico elenco di tesi, ma fa li sviluppare in maniera progressiva ai vari personaggi, passo dopo passo. E anche questo sviluppo non avviene in modo perfetto e lineare ma, proprio come nel mondo reale, si deve far fronte a tentativi, a errori e non di rado a dietrofront.

    La storia si svolge intorno al personaggio di Alex Rogo, direttore di un impianto industriale che ha appena ricevuto l'ultimatum di aumentare la produttività per evitare la chiusura.
    Nel corso del tempo datogli a disposizione per portare a casa l'obiettivo, Alex inizia ad interrogarsi su cosa significa "produttività". Per il suo impianto "produttività" non significava produrre di più, ma andare verso l'obiettivo aziendale: fare soldi. E ogni passo verso fare soldi è produttivo, ogni passo che non lo aiuta, non lo è.

    Quindi, individua l'obiettivo di "aumentare il throughput" (il tasso con cui il sistema genera denaro attraverso le vendite) riducendo sia l'inventario (il denaro investito dal sistema per acquistare la materia prima) sia le spese operative (tutto il denaro che i sistemi spendono per trasformare l'inventario in throughput).

    In questo libro, Eliyahu M. Goldratt presenta la sua Theory of Constraints (la Teoria dei Vincoli) secondo cui, per migliorare qualsiasi catena di processo, è necessario:

    - trovare il vincolo che limita il throughput
    - decidere come sfruttare il vincolo
    - subordinare tutto il resto alle decisioni di cui sopra
    - elevare il vincolo del sistema
    Se nel passaggio precedente, un vincolo è stato superato, la TOC indica di tornare al passaggio 1, ma non consente l'inerzia.

    A partire da questo libro sono state aperte strade infinite nel mondo del Project Management. Una lettura obbligatoria (essendo anche molto piacevole) per chi lavora nel mondo della produzione, a qualsiasi livello.
    Customer image
    Andrea, Jole, Giugiu e Lilli
    5.0 out of 5 stars
    Capolavoro. Lettura obbligata per chi lavora nella produzione

    Reviewed in Italy on September 28, 2018
    Devo ammettere che quando ho acquistato "The Goal" ero abbastanza scettico verso il genere business novel. Le consideravo come l'esposizione di una teoria (magari anche valida) presentata dietro una storia non all'altezza, e anzi creata in maniera forzata per rendere la teoria più facile da comprendere.
    Questo libro ha distrutto questa convinzione: non tratta i concetti come un asettico elenco di tesi, ma fa li sviluppare in maniera progressiva ai vari personaggi, passo dopo passo. E anche questo sviluppo non avviene in modo perfetto e lineare ma, proprio come nel mondo reale, si deve far fronte a tentativi, a errori e non di rado a dietrofront.

    La storia si svolge intorno al personaggio di Alex Rogo, direttore di un impianto industriale che ha appena ricevuto l'ultimatum di aumentare la produttività per evitare la chiusura.
    Nel corso del tempo datogli a disposizione per portare a casa l'obiettivo, Alex inizia ad interrogarsi su cosa significa "produttività". Per il suo impianto "produttività" non significava produrre di più, ma andare verso l'obiettivo aziendale: fare soldi. E ogni passo verso fare soldi è produttivo, ogni passo che non lo aiuta, non lo è.

    Quindi, individua l'obiettivo di "aumentare il throughput" (il tasso con cui il sistema genera denaro attraverso le vendite) riducendo sia l'inventario (il denaro investito dal sistema per acquistare la materia prima) sia le spese operative (tutto il denaro che i sistemi spendono per trasformare l'inventario in throughput).

    In questo libro, Eliyahu M. Goldratt presenta la sua Theory of Constraints (la Teoria dei Vincoli) secondo cui, per migliorare qualsiasi catena di processo, è necessario:

    - trovare il vincolo che limita il throughput
    - decidere come sfruttare il vincolo
    - subordinare tutto il resto alle decisioni di cui sopra
    - elevare il vincolo del sistema
    Se nel passaggio precedente, un vincolo è stato superato, la TOC indica di tornare al passaggio 1, ma non consente l'inerzia.

    A partire da questo libro sono state aperte strade infinite nel mondo del Project Management. Una lettura obbligatoria (essendo anche molto piacevole) per chi lavora nel mondo della produzione, a qualsiasi livello.
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  • GOVINDARAO BALAJI
    5.0 out of 5 stars Highly recommended and worth the read!!
    Reviewed in Singapore on April 7, 2021
    Excellent book and a must read for engineering professionals. 👍👍
  • Grace
    5.0 out of 5 stars Good Book
    Reviewed in Japan on August 21, 2019
    It is a good book !
  • Miloris
    5.0 out of 5 stars Un incontournable
    Reviewed in France on March 30, 2025
    Super livre sur la théorie des contraintes qui donne une vision intéressante de l’amélioration continue. C’est romancé c’est d’autant plus agréable à lire.
  • Amazon Customer
    5.0 out of 5 stars Fun, approachable and mind-opening - everyone should read!
    Reviewed in Australia on July 26, 2021
    Have you ever wanted to read a business book to help you progress your career, but gotten put off by how dry or abstract the content was?

    The Goal is a business management novel that teaches through storytelling, and the format really works!

    Alex Rogo is the manager of an American manufacturing plant that is failing to turn a profit. Jonah is a physics teacher turned industrial process guru. A chance meeting between the two sets Alex on a path of discovery, re-thinking a critical assumption about how to define efficiency. Will Alex and his team be able to learn fast enough to save the plant, or will thousands of people lose their jobs as their company goes broke?

    ...Ok, compared to your average Romance or Thriller, it's hardly a gripping page-turner. But it is about 1000 times easier to get through than any other business book I've read, and because it puts its lessons into the context of a relatable and realistic example, I found it easier to learn and imagine how to apply this kind of thinking.